Bush’s war declaration framed the enemy as Islamic and civilizational.

Evidence

President Bush’s speech, which specified that America’s target were terrorists who “practice[d] a fringe form of Islamic extremism,” was saturated with appeals to an ideological, cultural, and civilizational war—indeed, the very standoff Huntington wrote about in The Clash of Civilizations. The speech was more than just a demonstration of resolve to the American people and the world at large; it was, most fundamentally, a declaration of war, a “war on terror,” as it came to be known, against an enemy the state explicitly identified as Al Qaeda and the “Islamic extremists” who supported it. In practice, the war on terror has been against Islam as a civilization, and a war on Muslims everywhere. — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 276

Categorization

• XREF: Huntington’s clash-of-civilizations frame grounds the discourse; connects to Ernst’s psychological framing. — connects to: The Bush administration’s Iraq war justifications rested on three anti-Muslim stereotypes — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 276; Bush’s ‘crusade’ rhetoric revived medieval holy war framing against Islam — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 279; Bush publicly disavowed war with Islam even as policy linked them — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 278 (+8 more)
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 276

Broader Connections

• The War on Terror was ideologically framed as a civilizational clash #corroborates (0.90)
• Clash-of-civilizations rhetoric ideologically legitimized both foreign wars and domestic attacks #expands (0.70) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 421
• The War on Terror racially constructed Muslims as terrorists. #expands (0.70)
• The clash of civilizations theory rearticulated the Orientalist binary of Islam versus the West. #expands (0.70) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 217
• Clash of civilizations framing located terrorism’s cause within Islam itself #expands (0.60) — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 266
• Orientalism supplied the pre-existing tropes that the War on Terror redeployed against Muslims #expands (0.60)
• The US needed Islam as a foil to define itself as Western #expands (0.60) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 154