Both segregationists and assimilationists reshaped dual-evolution theory into racist ideas.

Evidence

Segregationists and assimilationists still found ways to adapt dual-evolution theory to suit their ideas about Black people. Segregationists could argue that African populations contained the lowest frequencies of “good” genes. Assimilationists could argue that European populations had created the most complex and sophisticated societies, and were the most culturally evolved populations. Dobzhansky and Montagu ended up dethroning the eugenicists in science but enthroning new racist ideas, as reflected in the globally reported United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Statements on Race in 1950 and 1951. — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 910

Categorization

• DEFINE: Shows how Kendi’s two framings adapt a scientific consensus: segregationists use genetic difference, assimilationists use cultural difference.
• XREF: Directly tests the reader’s core goal: place even a ‘progressive’ scientific advance into the segregationist/assimilationist scheme — both framings remain racist.