Border states delayed ratifying the Fourteenth Amendment for over a century

Evidence

In just over two years, in July 1868, the requisite twenty-eight states had approved the amendment, and it was ratified. Notably, however, three of the four slaveholding border states that had remained in the Union—Delaware, Maryland, and Kentucky—did not ratify the amendment until years later, in 1901, 1959, and 1976, respectively. Ambivalence about Black citizenship persisted. — Nikole Hannah-Jones et al., The 1619 Project, 730

Categorization

  • CANDY: Maryland 1959 and Kentucky 1976 are astonishingly late ratification dates for the Fourteenth Amendment — a light, shareable fact.
  • QUESTION: Kentucky did not ratify until 1976 — worth chasing what the formal ratification ceremony in 1976 looked like and how common symbolic late ratifications were.