Black newspapers served as forums for communal black political thought.

Evidence

The demise of black newspapers, for example, represented the beginning of the contraction of formal places where African Americans could think with one another about issues confronting our communities. It was in the pages of black newspapers that African Americans could read in-depth analysis of debates in Congress. The newspapers chronicled the Great Migration and urged African Americans in the South to leave the region with advertisements for work and a better life. — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black, 371

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines what a ‘formal place where African Americans could think with one another’ looks like concretely, grounding the concept of communal black deliberation in a specific institutional form.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black: How Race Still…, 371
• XREF: connects to: Mass democratic association historically depended on newspapers to coordinate collective action — Robert D. Putnam, Bowling Alone The Collapse and Revival…, 734; Black Baptist women’s organizations gained press influence through their own newspapers. — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 379