Bentham classifies all motion as either will-directed or not

Evidence

Thelematic and athelematic. – To one or other of these denominations will all motions of the terminative class be found referable. Thelematic, those in the production of which volition, the mind of a sentient and self-moving being, is seen to be concerned. Athelematic, those in the production of which volition is not seen to have place. — Jeremy Bentham, The Panopticon Writings, 548

Categorization

• DEFINE: Bentham’s thelematic/athelematic distinction separates volitional from non-volitional motion, a foundational classification for his causal ontology.