Behavior modification now operates through ninety-three codified techniques in sixteen clusters

Evidence

The commercial theory and practice of behavior modification assume an inescapable networked presence and its cornucopia of digital tools. A team of British researchers surveyed fifty-five behavioral experts in order to compile “a consensually agreed hierarchically structured taxonomy of techniques used in behavior change interventions.” This exercise identified ninety-three distinct behavior-change techniques, which were grouped into sixteen methodological clusters: “scheduled consequences,” “reward and threat,” “repetition and substitution,” “antecedents,” “associations,” “feedback and monitoring,” “goals and planning,” “social support,” “comparison of behavior,” “communication of natural consequences,” “self-belief,” “comparison of outcomes,” “shaping knowledge,” “regulation,” “identity,” and “covert learning.” — Shoshana Zuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, 2443

Categorization

• SEED: The list of ninety-three codified manipulation techniques could anchor an article on the industrialization of persuasion.
• XREF: connects to: Behavior modification survived only by renaming itself without positive reinforcement — Shoshana Zuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, 1022; Behavior-change techniques have migrated from face-to-face to automated digital tools at scale — Shoshana Zuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, 2444