Beats per second alone cannot predict dissonance across the pitch range

Evidence

Helmholtz did not assert that dissonance corresponded to a fixed number of beats per second across the audio spectrum. Instead, he relied on musical intervals. After all, a 40 Hz partial “beats” with a 20 Hz partial at 20 Hz, but it is also the octave above 20 Hz. However, 500 and 520 Hz beat rather jarringly at 20 beats per second. — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 2348

Categorization

• QUESTION: What sets the boundary where 20 Hz beating turns from consonant (octave) to jarring (near-unison of high partials)? Critical bandwidth presumably, but worth pinning down.
• XREF: Resonates with the reader’s soundscape work on critical bands and why pitch perception differs by octave.