Austrian academic careers punished open Social Democratic party membership until 1919

Evidence

At the end of 1899, he was appointed temporary Professor of Political Economy at the University of Vienna, with the support of the socialist academic Eugen von Philippovich. This gave him a secure income, and he immediately gave up all his legal activities to devote himself entirely to academic work. In 1910 he founded the journal Archiv für die Geschichte des Sozialismus und der Arbeiterbewegung (Archive on the History of Socialism and the Labour Movement). Grünberg was a `professorial Marxist’, to use Nenning’s term. Among his students were the later Austro-Marxists Max Adler, Karl Renner, Rudolf Hilferding, Gustav Eckstein, Friedrich Adler and Otto Bauer. Grünberg’s scholarly and theoretical activities were not restricted to the academic field, however. He was one of the founders of the Vienna Adult Education Centre and the Socialist Education Association. Warned by the example of a colleague, the historian Ludo Moritz Hartmann, who was never promoted beyond Privatdozent because of his membership of the Social Democratic Party, Grünberg did not commit himself to any party until 1919. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 78

Categorization

• SHARE: Worth sending to anyone who assumes Marxist scholars were always party members — Grünberg deliberately stayed unaffiliated for decades to survive academically.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 78
• XREF: connects to: The collapse of class parties after WWI opened the way for totalitarian movements — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 653; Socialist academics were rare and stigmatized in German universities — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 26

Broader Connections

• Socialist academics were rare and stigmatized in German universities #corroborates (0.82) — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 26
• The collapse of class parties after WWI opened the way for totalitarian movements #corroborates (0.72) — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 653