Anti-Washington opposition arose city by city before Du Bois publicly led it.
Evidence
Trotter and George Forbes, graduates of Harvard and Amherst, respectively, in 1895, began the publication of the Boston Guardian in order to express their opposition to Booker T. Washington. This was in 1901, two years before Du Bois published his first public criticisms of Washington in his The Souls of Black Folk. Trotter and Forbes, along with their fellow Bostonians, Archibald Grimké and Clement Morgan, established a formidable opposition to Washington, while in Chicago, the lawyers Ferdinand Barnett and E. H. Morris, and in Philadelphia, the physician Dr. N. F. Mossell, organized groups critical of the Tuskegee program in their communities. — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 2187
Categorization
Category: Factual Claims