Anti-Semitism secured pure nation-states while Islamophobia preserves European civilization.

Evidence

The anthropologist Matti Bunzl argues that, leaving aside historic animosities aimed at Jews and Muslims by Europe’s Christian majority, anti-Semitism and Islamophobia have served two different functions in modern European history. Anti-Semitism reflected an attempt to secure ethnically pure nation-states by recourse to a racist ideology that targeted and excluded Jews from the national community. German nationalism, for example, relied on anti-Semitism and the supposed racial inferiority of Jews to rally support for a strong German nation. Other European countries also experienced strong waves of anti-Semitism and arguments about the incommensurability of Jewish and national (English, French, Norwegian, and so on) identity. Islamophobia, by contrast, reflects a different project of exclusion, one in which the desire to protect and maintain European civilization and anxieties over what it means to be European manifest themselves through anti-Muslim prejudice. The preservation of European identity, as opposed to national identity, is at the heart of Islamophobia. — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 98

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the broader ‘civilizational’ framing of modern Islamophobia discourse. — connects to: European anti-Semitism and Islamophobia mirror each other in structure. — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 465; Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia are parallel projects of majority exclusion — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 482; Islamophobia remains Europe’s one tolerated and even encouraged racist ideology — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 486 (+2 more)

Broader Connections

• European anti-Semitism and Islamophobia mirror each other in structure. #corroborates (0.70) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 465
• Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia are parallel projects of majority exclusion #corroborates (0.70) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 482
• Islamophobia remains Europe’s one tolerated and even encouraged racist ideology #expands (0.50) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 486
• Holocaust commemoration in Europe has intensified anti-Muslim prejudice #complicates (0.50)
• Islamophobia rests on a false notion of European ethnic purity #complicates (0.40) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 731