Anti-Muslim polemic functions primarily to define its Christian authors

Evidence

Some volumes more than echo past perspectives: Answering Islam: The Crescent in Light of the Cross (1993, 2006), for instance, begins by citing Zwemer. This book’s goal of providing Christians with counterarguments to Islamic beliefs—“preparing you with strong apologetic answers” 89 —reflects how the perpetuation of Islamophobia often represents more of an effort to positively define those making the allegations than accurately describe Muslims or Islam. — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 177

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Islamophobic writing functions to define the Christian author, not describe Muslims — Peter Gottschalk and Gabriel Greenberg, Common Heritage, Uncommon Fear:…, 124