American sanctions forced Vietnam into reliance upon the Soviet state

Evidence

Within Vietnam, the strictest forms of control were required for sheer survival, but controls of that order leave little room for socialist democracy, plenty of room for bureaucratic degeneration; internationally, continued and vicious American policies of sequestering the Vietnamese Revolution meant an inordinate reliance upon the Soviet state, with all the predictable consequences. — Aijaz Ahmad, In Theory, 50

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to debates about sanctions-driven dependency, e.g. Cuba’s Soviet reliance, and to addendum article on sacrifice/the cost of revolutionary projects.