American Muslims remain collectively punished for nineteen hijackers’ acts two decades on

Evidence

Two decades after that momentous day in 2001 that changed the lives of so many people, the US government and members of the public have yet to stop punishing American Muslim communities collectively for the criminal acts of nineteen foreign hijackers who claimed to kill in the name of Islam. Irrespective of the future of American race politics, and Muslims’ place in it, this book is a humble attempt to equip scholars, advocates, and policy makers with a deeper understanding of why a religious minority faces such blatant discrimination in a nation that prides itself on, and legally privileges, religious freedom. When we acknowledge the disconnect between our ideals and our practices, only then can we fulfill our aspirations for a pluralistic and more inclusive American society. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 141

Categorization

• XREF: Parallels the enduring post-9/11 collective punishment dynamics discussed in works on surveillance of Muslim communities and racialized state violence.