American Muslim women are stereotyped as liberated in contrast to less free foreign sisters

Evidence

In my own work, I have argued that there is a particular dynamic at work in the ways in which some American Muslim women have been represented as liberated, outspoken, and “free” in direct opposition to their less “liberated” sisters in the United States as well as abroad. — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 499

Categorization

• QUESTION: This internal othering — celebrating ‘American’ Muslim women against foreign ones — is itself a form of the frightened-subject device, worth chasing in the chapter.