African-born slaves led armed resistance to slavery in the Americas

Evidence

Who, then, resisted slavery in the eighteenth century? The records concerning armed revolt indicate that it was mainly the African-born, including male and female, young and old, plantation slave and urban slave. This emphasis on the African-born may have been for the simple reason that Africans outnumbered the Creoles owing to the low birthrate on the plantations and the heavy importation of Africans. — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 704

Categorization

Category: Factual Claims

• QUESTION: The passage offers a demographic explanation (Africans outnumbered Creoles) but this seems to underdetermine the pattern; worth chasing whether cultural memory of freedom played a causal role as the rest of the book’s thesis suggests.

Related

• African-born slaves led armed resistance in the eighteenth century (similarity 0.96)
• Eighteenth-century slave revolts were led mainly by African-born slaves (similarity 0.84)
• African resistance movements slowly built the cross-ethnic integration the slave trade had achieved instantly (similarity 0.82)
• Slave resistance evolved into a battle to preserve collective African identity (similarity 0.82)
• Black resistance to enslavement came from African identity, not slave status (similarity 0.81)
• Enslaved Africans preserved kinship fellowship and treated resistance as group activity (similarity 0.81)
• Slave rebels committed far fewer atrocities against whites than slavers committed against them (similarity 0.81)
• South Carolina’s slave rebellions in the 1730s came right after massive African importation (similarity 0.81)
• Documented slave rebelliousness preempted the docile Sambo debate among colonial historians (similarity 0.81)
• Black-majority regions were most vulnerable to slave revolts (similarity 0.81)
• An African tradition, not European political thought, grounded Black collective resistance for three centuries. (similarity 0.80)
• Slaves capitalized on every crisis among their exploiters to rebel. (similarity 0.80)
• More American slaves won freedom by fighting for Britain than for patriots (similarity 0.80)
• Revisionist historians fought the claim that slaves accepted and were psychologically marked by slavery (similarity 0.80)
• Eighteenth-century slave rebelliousness was documented fact, unlike later Sambo myths (similarity 0.80)