Adivasi tribes resisted assimilation and were never conquered by India

Evidence

Ambedkar’s opinions about Adivasis betrayed a lack of information and understanding. First of all, Hindu evangelists like the Hindu Mahasabha had been working to ‘assimilate’ the Adivasis since the 1920s (just like they were Balmiki-ising castes that were forced into cleaning and scavenging work). Tribes like the Ho, the Oraon, the Kols, the Santhals, the Mundas and the Gonds did not wish to be ‘civilised’ or ‘assimilated’. They had rebelled time and again against the British as well as against zamindars and Bania moneylenders, and had fought fiercely to protect their land, culture and heritage. Thousands had been killed in these uprisings, but unlike the rest of India, they were never conquered. They still have not been. — Ambedkar, B R, Annihilation of Caste_ The Annotated…, 365

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the theme of caste-annihilation as unfinished and to subaltern-history debates about whether Adivasi autonomy constitutes an alternative to Ambedkar’s liberal-buddhist path.