Activated needs for inclusion versus differentiation invert the correlation between subgroup and superordinate identification

Evidence

Analysis of identity scores revealed a marginally significant threeway interaction. Mean subgroup and superordinate identity scores were calculated using the equation generated from the general linear model at 1 standard deviation (SD) below and above the mean of subgroup size measure within the need for inclusion and need for differentiation conditions. These mean scores are presented in Table 6.3. Additional analysis revealed that when the need for inclusion was aroused, individuals were more likely to identify with the superordinate group than the subgroup when the subgroup was extremely small. However, the differences between superordinate group and subgroup identity were not significant when the subgroup was moderately small or when the need for differentiation was aroused. Altogether, these data support the notion that individuals can simultaneously identify with the subgroup and the superordinate group. Furthermore, supplementary analyses revealed that whereas there was a negative trend for the correlation between subgroup and superordinate identity when the need for inclusion was aroused (r = −.30), consistent with the notion that there was an antagonism between the two identities, there was a positive relation between subgroup and superordinate identity scores when the need for differentiation was aroused (r = .46). — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 725

Categorization

• XREF: Corroborates the prejudice-psychology thread: the antagonism between overlapping identities, and its resolution into dual identity, bears directly on mechanisms discussed for Islamophobia/antisemitism where minority members juggle subgroup loyalty against a superordinate national identity.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 725