Abolishing slavery made concubinage illegal across the Muslim world

Evidence

The abolition of chattel slavery, in the European dependencies in the nineteenth century and in the independent states in the twentieth, made concubinage illegal, and though it lingered on for some time in the remoter areas, it ceased to be either common or accepted. In a few countries, notably Turkey, Tunisia, and Iran until the fall of the shah but not after, even polygamous marriage was in effect outlawed, and in many of the Muslim states, while still lawful, it was subject to legal and other restrictions. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 1146

Categorization

• QUESTION: The parenthetical about Iran — polygamy was outlawed under the shah but restored after the revolution — is a striking reversal worth investigating.