A purported account of Charlemagne’s campaigns was exposed as a forgery

Evidence

Originally believed to be an account of Charlemagne’s military campaigns, it was later discovered to be a forgery based on the Chanson de Roland. — Sophia Rose Arjana, Muslims in the Western Imagination, 909

Categorization

• XREF: The forged-account detail bears on the reader’s core thesis: the manufactured Muslim monster’s textual ‘evidence’ itself was fabricated — image built on forgery, not contact.